Which term describes major police liability as discussed by Rolando v. del Carmen?

• A. Civil liabilities
• B. Criminal liabilities
• C. Administrative liabilities
• D. Moral liabilities

Answer: (D)

Understanding the different kinds of accountability tied to police conduct helps make sense of the answer. In Rolando v. del Carmen, the discussion highlights the social and ethical consequences of police actions—how violating someone’s rights affects the public’s trust and the officer’s standing in the community. This focus on moral impact is captured by the idea of moral liabilities, which address the ethical responsibility and dignity harmed by police conduct, not just monetary damages or formal penalties. Civil liabilities deal with compensating losses, criminal liabilities involve punishment for crimes, and administrative liabilities concern internal discipline. The case points to moral liability as the weightiest, socially charged form of accountability for police behavior, making it the best fit.