Which term refers to government actions governed by the Fourth Amendment protections?

• A. Search and Seizure
• B. Showup
• C. Plain View Evidence
• D. Qualified Immunity

Answer: (A)

The Fourth Amendment protects government actions that infringe on privacy or property, specifically through searches and seizures. So the term that best describes actions governed by those protections is "search and seizure"—covering things like a police officer’s search of a home or the seizure of evidence, all assessed for reasonableness under the Fourth Amendment.

The other terms don’t capture that broad concept: a showup is an identification procedure used during investigations; plain view evidence refers to how evidence witnessed in plain sight can be admissible during a lawful encounter, not the overarching action; and qualified immunity concerns whether officers can be shielded from civil liability for constitutional violations, not the nature of the government action itself.